National Anthem

South Africa’s National Anthem has a powerful and fascinating history, made up of two very different songs that were brought together as one—just like the country itself.

Nkosi Sikelel’ iAfrika

The first verse of Nkosi Sikelel’ iAfrika was written in 1897 as a Christian hymn. It was written in Xhosa by Enoch Sontonga, a teacher and choirmaster. Later on, the famous poet Samuel Mqhayi added seven more Xhosa verses, making the song even richer and more meaningful.

In 1934, both the original Xhosa version and an English translation were published by the Lovedale Press. Because it started as a hymn, the song beautifully blends European musical styles with African language and tradition. Over time, it became a song of hope, prayer, and freedom, sung by many people in many ways. There isn’t just one “correct” version—its words became part of South Africa’s oral poetry, passed on and adapted by communities across the country.

Die Stem van Suid-Afrika / The Call of South Africa

Another important song in South Africa’s history is Die Stem van Suid-Afrika. The first three verses were written in 1918 by C.J. Langenhoven, and the music was composed in 1921 by Reverend M.L. de Villiers. A fourth verse was added later.

The song was first sung at an official event in 1928, and in 1957 it became South Africa’s official National Anthem. At the same time, an English version called The Call of South Africa was also officially recognised.

Bringing Two Songs Together

By the early 1990s, South Africa was changing. In 1993, the Commission on National Symbols suggested that both Nkosi Sikelel’ iAfrika and The Call of South Africa should be used as national anthems, because both were deeply meaningful to different groups of South Africans.

However, playing both anthems in full at events took a long time and wasn’t very practical. So, in 1997, President Nelson Mandela made a historic decision. Through an official proclamation, he declared that a shortened and combined version of the two songs would become the single National Anthem of the Republic of South Africa.

A Symbol of Unity

Today’s National Anthem is more than just a song. It is a symbol of unity, respect, and shared identity. By combining different languages, cultures, and histories into one anthem, South Africa shows the world that many voices can come together to create something powerful and meaningful.